ADGM Case Note

Does an ‘Abu Dhabi Courts’ Jurisdiction Clause Reach the ADGM? — A Debt-Recovery Judgment and a Costs Lesson

By Shuhail Ahamed · Counsel — Disputes & Corporate · 8 min read
Representative matter. This case note concerns a matter in which Noura Almaazmi Advocates & Legal Consultancy acted for the successful claimant. Private individuals are anonymised. It is general commentary on ADGM procedure and does not constitute legal advice on any specific matter.

Case at a glance

Court
ADGM Court of First Instance — Commercial & Civil Division
Case number
ADGMCFI-2024-240
Judge
Justice Paul Heath KC
Registrar
Linda Fitz-Alan
Parties
A real estate management company (our client) (claimant) v A general trading company (anonymised) (defendant)
Decision date
23 April 2025
Status
Judgment for the claimant (USD 737,092 plus interest); contractual 'Abu Dhabi Courts' jurisdiction upheld for the ADGM; costs assessed proportionately
Our role
acted for the successful claimant

A 2025 ADGM Court of First Instance judgment — in which our team acted for the successful claimant — carries two lessons that matter far beyond the USD 737,092 recovered. First, a contract that names the “Courts of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi” can be enforced in the ADGM Courts. Second, even on an unopposed claim, the Court will assess costs for proportionality rather than rubber-stamping the schedule.

1. The claim

Our client, a real estate management company, sued for roughly USD 737,092 in unpaid charges due under a written Service Agreement. The defendant, a general trading company, entered an appearance but did not file a defence within the time allowed by the Rules. The Court was satisfied that service had been effected and entered judgment for the full amount claimed, together with pre-judgment interest and filing fees.

2. Does an 'Abu Dhabi Courts' clause reach the ADGM?

Before entering judgment, the Court addressed a jurisdiction point that catches out many contracting parties. The Service Agreement’s exclusive-jurisdiction clause referred to the “Courts of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi” — not, in terms, to the ADGM Courts. Did that clause empower the ADGM Courts to hear the claim?

Following Re NMC Healthcare Ltd [2022] ADGMCFI-0003, the Court held that it did. The ADGM Courts sit within the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, and a general reference to the Emirate’s courts is wide enough to include them. A clause drafted for the onshore Abu Dhabi courts will not, without more, oust the ADGM’s jurisdiction.

3. Costs are assessed for proportionality — even unopposed

The claimant sought costs of USD 62,573. The Court considered that disproportionate to a straightforward claim and reduced the award to USD 37,000 (about 5% of the judgment sum). Two principles drove the result:

  • An award of costs is a reasonable contribution that the paying party should bear — a different exercise from what is reasonable as between a party and its own lawyers under their retainer.
  • The Court aligned the figure with its own comparator, Turcon v Assaf [2025] ADGMCFI-0002, where a similar proportion of the judgment sum was allowed under Practice Direction 9.

The message for claimants: a large fixed-fee or success-fee arrangement will not automatically be passed on to the defendant. Build the costs schedule around what is proportionate to the claim.

Practical takeaways

  • If you intend to litigate in the ADGM, say so expressly — but a “Courts of Abu Dhabi” clause will generally reach the ADGM Courts rather than exclude them.
  • Do not assume a defendant’s silence means full costs recovery; the Court assesses proportionality regardless.
  • Keep the recoverable-costs schedule anchored to the value and complexity of the claim.

Sources & citations

  • Judgment: ADGMCFI-2024-240 (ADGM Court of First Instance — Commercial & Civil Division). Commercial and Civil Division judgment of 23 April 2025. Not yet published on the public ADGM judgments database; a sealed copy is on file with the firm. See the ADGM Courts judgments database.

Rules & practice directions cited


This case note is for general information only and does not constitute legal advice. For advice on an ADGM debt-recovery, enforcement or set-aside matter, please contact us. Last updated: 23 April 2025.

Related guides

A debt to recover in the ADGM?

Brief us in three minutes — same business-day response from our ADGM disputes and debt-recovery team.

Speak to us →

Frequently asked questions

Does a 'Courts of Abu Dhabi' clause allow a claim in the ADGM Courts?

Yes. Following Re NMC Healthcare Ltd [2022] ADGMCFI-0003, the ADGM Court held that a contractual reference to the 'Courts of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi' is wide enough to include the ADGM Courts, which sit within the Emirate. Such a clause will generally reach the ADGM rather than exclude it.

How should a jurisdiction clause be drafted for the ADGM?

If you want ADGM jurisdiction, name the ADGM Courts expressly. A generic reference to the Abu Dhabi courts will usually be construed to include the ADGM, but express drafting removes any argument.

Will the Court award the full costs a claimant claims on an unopposed judgment?

Not necessarily. The Court assesses costs for proportionality even where the defendant files no defence. Here a claimed USD 62,573 was reduced to USD 37,000 — about 5% of the judgment sum — as a reasonable contribution the defendant should bear.

Are lawyer-client fees the same as recoverable costs?

No. Recoverable (party-and-party) costs are a reasonable contribution the losing party should bear, assessed separately from what is reasonable between a party and its own lawyers under their retainer.